Working groups

OVERVIEW

MDGs – http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/
Woolcock and Pritchett paper ..

Groups

I.  Water – Mark, Jeronimo, Nicole, Hilary

• A.  Hilary –
• Clean water – Causes – UN/World Bank – now?  Two cases – PlayPumps – PUR packet.  What could the center do to support this?  Following up on globally-based internships – how do we do this better?
  • SSA … data …
  • Why such a problem?
    • Global trend – dams (post – WW II)
    • Last 30 years, from water development to water management
    • For SSA, problem – not the infrastructure …
      • NICE COMMENT from Hilary, re: being an environmentalist and reflecting on pros v. cons of dams
  • Solutions
    • UNEP – WB … more water development ..
    • THAT MEANS infrastructure, I assume
    • Innovation – play pumps http://www.waterforpeople.org/extras/playpumps/case-foundation-partnership.html
      • Problem – expensive, parts and labor, child labor …
      • Thus, merging with water for the people ,,
    • Innovation – purepackets http://www.csdw.com/csdw/pur_packet.shtml
  • QUESTION: where water comes from –
    • Aquifers
    • Rain water
    • Rivers and streams
    • Dams
• B.  Jeronimo –
• water in Haiti.  What’s working by ngos?  How apply to center?
  • H20 scarcity as world problem – h20 as human right
    • GOOD global data …
    • Actual cost plus opportunity cost ..
  • Haiti ..
    • 9 million – most people lack access to H20 and sanitation (good data)
    • Led to cholera … Killed 30 – 40,000 people
    • 58% of all deaths preventable ……
  • NGOS
    • 1/3 of NGOs focus on water …
    • Example – charity water – http://www.charitywater.org/
    • MOST NGOS
      • education
      • water filters
        • Bio filters – sand and gravel
        • Nano-technology (?)
    • Major problem – lack of sustainable projects
      • Lots of emergency relief
      • QUESTION – how find a balance?  (a recurring question)
  • QUESTION – is Haiti a candidate for pillar 4?
  • GOOD QUESTION from Brian – potential role of corruption?
• C.  Mark
• water in Ghana/africa
  • Good data – striking
    • Diarrhea, Cholera, intestinal worms
  • Role of politics – economics
  • Colonial history – nice
    • Good point about economic growth
    • TODAY – more ‘democratic vitality’
  • Not just water shortages
    • Piped water issues …
    • 46% – 35% … urban and rural
  • Water Aid – http://www.wateraid.org/
    • How doing?
    • The nature of their funding?
    • NICE finding on demand-driven approach – how does it actually play out?
    • Collegiate group … very cool
  • Bright side – one of four countries on their way …
  • Still much to be done ..
  • QUESTION – world bank — working with civil society
  • QUESTION – civil society big on this?
  • LOTS to LIKE – self-contained ….
• D.  Nicole –
• Water in India
  • Good overview (again) of big picture
  • India ….
    • Background
      • Improper disposal of sewage
      • Ag run off …
      • 1200 people die per day ..
      • Tension – economic growth … rural poverty
    • Solutions
      • WTP issue (based on conversation with Rashmir)
      • Social entrepreneurship
        • The Ripple Effect (non – profit) … http://blog.acumenfund.org/2009/06/25/ripple-effect-at-the-water-summit-2009-new-delhi/  [find video]
        • Water Health International – profit-making http://www.waterhealth.com/

II.  Health – Olivia, Nina, Paul

• A.  Nina –
• Neglected tropical diseases .. STH’s soil-transmmited helmuths (?)…
  • Definition
    • Neglected areas
    • High morbidity — not morality
      • Sabin.org map
    • 35 million adjusted life-years
  • Why?
    • Poor sanitation, poor housing
    • PLUS – promote poverty …
      • Stunt growth, etc.
  • SE Asia
  • WHO target …
    • How Cambodia reached the target …
    • One course of treatment — 5 cents!
    • QUESTION: Why not happening if so inexpensive ..?
  • Solutions
    • Big drug companies ….
    • Problem – animal testing
    • One world health – http://www.oneworldhealth.org/
    • Sabin Institute – http://www.sabin.org/
    • Research and trial point
    • Working with Brazil …
  • Biggest problem – financial aspect ….
    • Even though so inexpensive, per dose.
• B.  Olivia –
• Malaria.  More on groups and what they are up to ..
  • Good intro
    • QUESTION – Could it really be 9 of 10 deaths in SSA
  • DDT helped ….
    • The importance of spraying walls
    • Malaria more prevalent than it was in the 1950s
    • Question (Brian) – MIGHT DDT be justified
      • http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=ddt-debate (NB – article from 2000)
  • Successes
    • From 1 million deaths to 700 k or so
      • Cocktail of solutions
      • Insecticide-treated nets
        • Can you or can you not just drop the nets?
        • What does the research say?
      • Interior spraying
      • Treatment of kids/women – within 24 hours
      • IT’S NEVER 1 Solution …
      • Constant – you need education …
• C.  Paul –
• Health care services in rural India – personnel and more.
  • Data on lack of docs, nurses …
  • 63% of docs not qualified …
  • Systematic problems
  • Solutions?
    • GE health care
    • But not structural …
    • They did a competition ….
      • GOOD EXAMPLE for SolutionsU
    • Bachelor’s in rural health care (like barefoot u?)

III.  Culture and property rights – Tom, Martin, Brad

• Martin –
• property rights.
  • Value 9.3 trillion years
  • Land/property as ‘dead property rights’
  • The legal expression of these things.
  • What to property rights do?
    • Reduce transaction costs …
    • Bribes …
    • 21 years = barrier to entry
    • HUGE problem – well presented
    • Thus, stuck in region … local trade
    • Left out of globalization
    • (reminiscent of Scott …)
  • Misconceptions
    • People will go for it if benefits outwiegh costs
  • Solution
    • Elena P.
      • Peru …. $60 million huge return …
  • Metaphor …
    • Desoto …. Dogs know where the property is …..
  • Grant?  Under auspices of the center – our network (exciting)  Elana P.
• Brad –
• cultural heritage. conservation
  • Definition ….
  • As ’21st century global challenges …’
  • Clash between profit seeking and local, indigenous lifeways (Hawken theme)
  • Igara (sp?) of the Philippines
    • Birthrights over the territories
    • Indigenous rights ….
  • A group from Columbia
    • Older brothers – younger brothers …
  • Bio-prospecting …
    • Costa Rica example?
  • What are people doing?
    • In the heart of the world – http://www.amazon.com/Heart-World-Thoughts-Stories-Prayers/dp/1577310659
    • Tairona (sp?) Heritage trust – http://tairona.myzen.co.uk/
    • Wade Davis (!)
  • Very Paul Hawken
  • Broaden the story; bring in academic collaborations (e.g., working with anthropologists)
• C.  Tom –
• Natural resource extraction, indigenous rights in LA: broaden, more roles of SEs, center implications.
  • How did the world get developed?
    • NICE USE of video … ecuador
  • Thumbnail sketch of process …
    • Natural resources
    • Economics
    • Human rights
    • DATA?
  • No consultation
    • Locals are the poorest … (sounds like W.VA. …)
  • Stakeholders ….
  • NGO (NAME)
    • Trying to empower about
      • Property rights …
      • …..
      • QUESTION – who does the empowering?
  • Example – metal refining plant in Peru …
  • Leads to getting data and then ‘what can be done?’  (e.g., pillar 4 model)
  • Participation, transparency … the Machiavelli question …

IV.  Food security and urban food deserts- Claire, Brian, Kenny

• Brian –
• Modern food deserts and urban gardners.
  • Environmental racism issue … rough data ….
    • NO grocery store in Detroit
  • Solutions
    • Urban gardens ..
      • Back to the 1890s, in Detroit
      • Victory gardens in WWII
    • Benefits
      • Green space
      • Property values
      • Jobs and employment
      • At risk youth
      • Intangible effects – empowerment
  • Examples
    • south central farm in SC LA – Video — The Garden
    • Growing power in Chicago and Milwaukee – Will Allen
  • Urban garden movement … how to unify into a movement?
    • Michelle Obama
    • Two-tier pricing strategy ..
  • Good data …. brutal
  • Role of center to help scale up — “Next generation of urban gardeners’
• Claire –
• Food security in SSA.
  • Good data . MDG goals
    • SSA – will completely miss this goal — off by 100 million!
    • GREAT graph ….
  • Notes on drought – climate getting hotter … CLIMATE CHANGE in action ..
  • Illness – undernourished – can’t work …. ‘nasty cycle’
  • Solutions
    • Africa as ‘number 1 recipient of foreign aid ..’
    • Successful – http://www.oneacrefund.org/
      • SUCCESSFUL? – good measure …
    • Project DISC – http://wikieducator.org/Project_DISC
    • MY POINT about OECD subsidies
  • Needs to find some real SEs …  has some new sources
• Kenny –
  • Good background
  • Solution
    • John Amarosa ..(sp?)
    • Wangara Mathi … trees and food
  • QUESTION – Policy ….
  • Kenny’s project …
    • Garden constructed and led by local residents ….
  • Martin – dept stores offering fresh produce …
  • build on examples – what could the center do in this area?  How could students benefit?

V.  Education – Alison, Devin, Wahid, Aaron

• Alison –
• Female education in SE Asia
  • Data, background …
    • Date on giving birth ….
    • Data on prostitutes
  • Solutions
    • Conditional cash transfers.
      • Program in Brazil (missed the name)
    • Recruiting female teachers (nepal)
      • Good measure of success
      • PAOLO FRIEIRE NOTE
    • Development and Education Program for Daughters and Communities (Thailand)
• More on SE Asia; find the evidence, back up with citations; research role of center?
• Wahid –
• SSA education.
  • Good background
    • Colonial past
    • Rural to urban migration
    • Lessen dependence on foriegn aid
  • Problem
    • Brain drain
    • Teachers don’t want to be rural …
    • 83,000 doctors … way to low, to put it mildly …
  • More background, more details on NGOs.  Then, the more specific role of the center …
• Aaron –
• tertiary ed.  eg  college eduation
  • Background- lots of positive aspects
    • MDG goal … primary ed .. .making progress
    • Huge jump in earning potential
    • Competition in global economy …
    • How college grads help the economy …..
    • Even helping to create social entrepreneurs ..

    Better to have in country, but

    • May not be able to (say after a national disaster)
    • Expensive …….
  • Solutions
    • Shay rieshef the university of the people
      • Very cool …
  • Hold on top cases, push the role of an ‘open-source’ center.
• Devin –
• Education as population growth control
  • Data – stunning, as always …
    • SSA and elsewhere .. tilted toward young …
  • As she started her research … turns out, separated.  Education v. family planning, etc.
  • What to do?  Educate women and keep them in schools.
  • Young women – single biggest agents of change in development world
  • EXAMPLE
    • Mali and Chad (!)
  • World Bank … reproductive rights (SO TRICKY politically)
  • Planned Parenthood ….
  • Kenya as an example of progress …. ?
    • Safe abortion services …
    • “Youth 4 youth program”
      • http://apha.confex.com/apha/132am/techprogram/paper_92664.htm

VI.  Waste – Matt, Cate

• Matt –
  
• waste in cities –
  • Why a problem?
    • Disease
    • Bad for economy (outside investors, etc.)
    • Projections are brutal …
  • Ways NOT to do it
    • Example from Indonesia
  • Solutions
    • Sustainable cities
      • Phukat – Thailand ….
    • Waste Option – Laos … waste — compost — sold to farmers
  • “Garbage dreams” – movie
  • More examples of success — and why succeeded?
• Cate –
  
• Great pacific garden patch
  • Background
    • 4,000,ooo tonnes
      
    • trash vortexes … 40% of the world’s oceans ..
    • Mega debris v. micro plastics
    • BRUTAL pictures …. plus endocrine disruptors
    • 90% of young albatross ..
  • Solutions
    • Project Kaisei – http://www.projectkaisei.org/
    • Bottle School Project
    • Spiral Island –
    • Join the pipe – http://jointhepipe.blogspot.com/

VII.  Food choice and food production – Rhia, Stu

• Stu –
• Ag, meat production, and solutions.
  • 60,000,000,000 animals killed per year for meat, etc.
  • Huge, underrated effect
  • Solutions?
    • Frank Reese – Heritage Turkey Farmer
      • $209 per turkey!
    • Bill Neiman
      • Meat ….
    • Carlo Petrini
      • Slow food movement
      • Virtuous globalization
    • Louis Slaughter
      • Preservation for Medical Treatment Antibiotics …
• Center – Midd kids, mentors?  Conference?  SE in residence -who?
• Rhia –
• Cooking technologies in S Asia
  • Really good data, background
  • Solutions?
    • Kerosene too expensive
    • Charcoal sucks
    • So … fuel-efficient cookstoves
  • Stoves 2.0
    • Appropriate tech model is passe
    • Can’t give it away
    • Must collect data
  • push the thinking – where does Stoves 3.0 need to go, and how could a student (funded by the Center) play a role?  Add videos.